Identification & Role of Implicit Social Ties from Social Data

The concept of social ties was introduced by Granovetter through the seminal paper titled" Strength of weak ties". Across the past five decades, this topic has attracted much attention from both academics and practitioners. In the past two decades, the rapid increase in digitization and new modes of communication have led to collecting and analyzing data about people. One of the most popular sources for such large and granular data about people is social media platforms. The rise in the popularity of social media in the past 15 years has resulted in many research studies that have used social media data to understand a lot of different phenomena. Some of this research has focused on using social data, including social media data, on identifying different kinds of social ties online and the role these social ties play in various contexts. Over the past decade, many different approaches and models have been built to identify social ties using social media data. These methods have been built using private data and explicit social relationship data of users’ social media platforms. However, in the past few years, it has become nearly impossible to access this kind of social media data due to the changes in the business models of the social media platforms and the introduction of new privacy laws like GDPR. This thesis aims to identify the social ties from publicly available social data and study the role of the identified social ties in different contexts like business conferences and business phenomena. In order to achieve this research objective, three separate studies were conducted. The first two studies were single-case case studies, while the third was an experiment where two different sets of hypotheses were tested using empirical data. All three studies used publicly available social media data related to a specific context. The first study used a large dataset related to a game developer community on Facebook. The second study used social media data related to a business event from Twitter and Facebook. The third study used a large dataset associated with social media data about crowdfunding projects from Twitter. This study adds to the existing literature related to identifying social ties from social media data in multiple manners. The thesis illustrates a novel approach based on reciprocal interaction for filtering relevant social ties from large publicly available social media data. The thesis also contributes to the understanding of the role multiple social media platforms play in an event. Thus, showing the impact this can have on identifying social ties from publicly available social media data in case of an event. The dissertation adds to the existing literature about the role social ties have towards crowdfunding success. The thesis shows that implicit social ties, in general, positively impact crowdfunding project success. In addition, the thesis has practical implications for designers of conference recommendation systems. The dissertation also has implications for the crowdfunding project owners and the crowdfunding project campaign designers

Evaluating tie strength from Twitter data in conference setting: Case CMAD

The concept of tie strength as well as the different kind of ties- strong and weak ties was introduced by Granovetter in his seminal paper titled “Strength of Weak Ties”. Over the decades, this concept has been used in a variety of fields to study a lot of different phenomena. In the recent years, the rise of social media and social networking services has given rise to new ways of maintaining and establishing ties. This has resulted in studies that have used personal social media data to predict the tie strength of these online relationships. Social media is also being used in events like conferences for networking purposes. In this study we evaluate the tie strength and identify different kind of ties using publically available Twitter data in the context setting of a conference. In order to address the formulated research problem, this study began by reviewing the relevant literature related to tie strength, social media and conference setting. From the literature review it was observed that: communication frequency was the most commonly used proxy for tie strength evaluation; social media was used for networking in conferences; and current methods of tie strength evaluation from social media use personal social media data which may not be accessible in case of conferences. The empirical study used the single-case based case of CMAD which is community managers’ online discussions in social media in connection to yearly-organized Community Manager Appreciation Day event in Finland. Two different data sources (survey data and Twitter data) were used to carry out the analysis. Different social network analysis methods were used to analyze the case. Based on the analysis, it was possible to identify potentially useful dimensions (e.g. amount of time, reciprocal services and structural factors) and measures (e.g. weighted degree, shortest path length) for evaluating tie strength in the context of events. These measures were useful in identifying to a useful extent the strong ties and the potential weak ties in the context of this study

Evaluating tie strength from Twitter data in conference setting: Case CMAD

The concept of tie strength as well as the different kind of ties- strong and weak ties was introduced by Granovetter in his seminal paper titled “Strength of Weak Ties”. Over the decades, this concept has been used in a variety of fields to study a lot of different phenomena. In the recent years, the rise of social media and social networking services has given rise to new ways of maintaining and establishing ties. This has resulted in studies that have used personal social media data to predict the tie strength of these online relationships. Social media is also being used in events like conferences for networking purposes. In this study we evaluate the tie strength and identify different kind of ties using publically available Twitter data in the context setting of a conference. In order to address the formulated research problem, this study began by reviewing the relevant literature related to tie strength, social media and conference setting. From the literature review it was observed that: communication frequency was the most commonly used proxy for tie strength evaluation; social media was used for networking in conferences; and current methods of tie strength evaluation from social media use personal social media data which may not be accessible in case of conferences. The empirical study used the single-case based case of CMAD which is community managers’ online discussions in social media in connection to yearly-organized Community Manager Appreciation Day event in Finland. Two different data sources (survey data and Twitter data) were used to carry out the analysis. Different social network analysis methods were used to analyze the case. Based on the analysis, it was possible to identify potentially useful dimensions (e.g. amount of time, reciprocal services and structural factors) and measures (e.g. weighted degree, shortest path length) for evaluating tie strength in the context of events. These measures were useful in identifying to a useful extent the strong ties and the potential weak ties in the context of this study

Research on mood stabilizers in India

Mood stabilizers have revolutionized the treatment of bipolar affective disorders. We review data originating from India in the form of efficacy, effectiveness, usefulness, safety and tolerability of mood stabilizers. Data is mainly available for the usefulness and side-effects of lithium. A few studies in recent times have evaluated the usefulness of carbamazepine, valproate, atypical antipsychotics and verapamil. Occasional studies have compared two mood stabilizers. Data for long term efficacy and safety is conspicuously lacking

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

DUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation and History of Acute Coronary Syndromes: Insights from GARFIELD-AF

BACKGROUND: Many patients with atrial fibrillation have concomitant coronary artery disease with or without acute coronary syndromes and are in need of additional antithrombotic therapy. There are few data on the long-term clinical outcome of atrial fibrillation patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome. This is a 2-year study of atrial fibrillation patients with or without a history of acute coronary syndromes